Physics Notes for 10th Class Chapter-18

Atomic and Nuclear Physics:

The most interesting and important Subject Physics of 10th Class Chapter-18. Student want to know the important Questions and  physics notes for 10th class , to prepare it according to BISE Punjab. We are providing the Solution of Student Problems.

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Physics Ch#18, 10th Class

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1 / 56

One of the isotopes of uranium is U(238-92)  the number of neutrons in this isotope is ___________

92

238

146

330

2 / 56

Radium-226 has a half-life of _____________

1600 years

1920 years

1820 years

1620 years

3 / 56

The stable argon nuclide Ar-40 half life___________

• 2.4 x 10⁸ years
• 2.69 x 10⁴ years
• 2.5 x 10⁹ years
• 2.4 x 10¹¹ years

Which Option is Correct ?

Option-3

Option-2

Option-1

Option-4

4 / 56

Rutherford discovered that the positive charge in an atom was concentrated in a small region called__________

Atom

Molecule

Nucleus

Shell

5 / 56

Stable nuclei have atomic number between__________

1-82

2-85

2-88

2-89

6 / 56

During fission of 1kg of Uranium -235 energy released is ___________

• 67 x 10¹⁰J
• 65 x 10⁸J
• 60 x 10⁸J
• 66 x 10⁹J

Which Option is Correct ?

Option-2

Option-3

Option-4

Option-1

7 / 56

Which option is Correct

Option-3

Option-2

Option-1

Option-4

8 / 56

Nuclear fission was first observed in 1939 by__________

Otto Hahn and Frits Strassman

First and Curie

Otto Hahn and Rutherford

Otto Han and Curie

9 / 56

The earth and all living things receive radiation from outer space which name is __________

Cosmic Rays

None of these

Radon Gas

X-Rays

10 / 56

Atoms of the element which have same number of protons but different number of neutrons are__________

Both Isotopes & Nuclide

Isotopes

Nuclide

None of these

11 / 56

Elements are naturally unstable having atomic number greater than_________

89

84

88

82

12 / 56

The reason carbon dating works is that __________

When a plant or an animal die

Plants and animals are such strong emitters of carbon-14

After plant of animal dies, it stops taking in fresh carbon-14

There is so much non-radioactive carbon dioxide in the air

13 / 56

Isotopes of an element have the same____________

Atomic Mass Number

Atomic Number

Colors

Chemical Properties

14 / 56

In each fission reaction energy released__________

299mV

210meV

200MeV

255meV

15 / 56

The half-life of C-14 is ______

5720 Years

5730 Years

5202 Years

5700 Years

16 / 56

A nucleon is _________ times heavier than electron.

1836

1841

1827

1832

17 / 56

The phenomenon by which radiations split matter into positive and negative ion is called ____

Ionization

Deflection

Sublimation

Penetration

18 / 56

Stream of high energy electrons_____________

β-Particles

γ-particles

∑-particles

α particles

19 / 56

Half-life of plutonium (236 96 Pu) is 2.85 years and 242 94 Pu is _____________

• 3.79 x 10⁵ years
• 7.1 x 10⁸ years
• 2.85 years
• 7.1 x 10¹⁰ years

Which Option is Correct ?

Option-1

Option-2

Option-4

Option-3

20 / 56

What happens to the atomic number of an element which emits 1 alpha particle?

Decreases By 1

Increases By 1

Stays the Same

Decreases By 2

21 / 56

Isotopes are atoms of same element with different _______

Number of Protons

Number of Electrons

Atomic Mass

Atomic Number

22 / 56

The atomic number is represented by_______

N

None of these

A

Z

23 / 56

Which compound is used for diagnosis of brain tumor?

iodine-131

hydrogen-3

Neon-152

Phosphorus-32

24 / 56

The mass of the proton and neutron is nearly equal to___________

• 1.67 x 10^-27 kg
• 1.67 x 10^-31 kg
• 1.67 x 10^-19kg
• 1.67 x 10^-21 kg

which Option is Correct ?

Option-1

Option-3

Option-4

Option-2

25 / 56

Which have the greatest power of ionization s compared to others?

X-Rays

β-Particles

γ particles

α-Particle

26 / 56

The temperature of the center of sun is _________

24 Million Kelvin

29 Million Kelvin

02 Million Kelvin

20 Million Kalvin

27 / 56

3

8

6

10

28 / 56

The half life of a certain isotope is 1 day. What is the quantity of the isotope after 2 days?

One Quarter

One half

One Eight

None of these

29 / 56

Release of energy by the sun is due to ________

Chemical Reaction

Nuclear Fusion

Burnings of Gases

Nuclear Fission

30 / 56

Who accidentally discovered that uranium salt crystals emit an invisible radiation that can darken a photographic plate?

Marie Curie

Pierre

Becquerel

Rutherford

31 / 56

Transmutation is _____________

No spontaneous process

Unstable nuclei changes into stale nuclei

Both "Unstable nuclei changes into stale nuclei" & "Spontaneous process"

Spontaneous process

32 / 56

Tritium contains one proton, while protium and deuterium contains_________

No Proton

Three Protons

Two Protons

One Protons

33 / 56

When two lights nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, this process is called_______

Disintegration

Nuclear Fusion

Bombardment

Nuclear Fission

34 / 56

Hazards of radiation for humans are_____________

Leukemia

Sterility

Blindness

All Given

35 / 56

In which simplest atom, nucleus has only one proton?

Carbon

Nitrogen

Helium

Hydrogen

36 / 56

The total number of nucleons in a nucleus is__________

Atomic Mass Number

Atomic number

Isotope number

none of these

37 / 56

____________ are collectively called nucleons.

Protons in nucleus

Protons and Neutrons in Nucleus

electrons in shell

neutrons in nucleus

38 / 56

In order to find the intensity of radiations, which device can be used?

Radiometer

Film Badge

Dosimeter

Both "Film Badge" & "Dosimeter"

39 / 56

The rate of radioactive decay is proportional to the number of __________

Proton Present

Stale Nuclei Present

Unstable Nuclei Present

Electrons Present

40 / 56

When heavy nucleus splits into two lighter nuclei, the process would _____________

Release Chemical Energy

Absorb Nuclear Energy

Release Nuclear Energy

Absorb Chemical Energy

41 / 56

Mass energy equation and theory of relativity was given by___________

Einstein

Newton

Volta

Quantum

42 / 56

The number of neutrons in a nucleus is represented by_______

Z

A

None of these

N

43 / 56

Penetrating power of γ rays as compared to α rays and β rays is __________

Greater

Smaller

Anyone of these

Equal

44 / 56

Which are chemical compounds containing some quantity of radioisotope?

High Energy Compounds

Radioactive Tracer

Soft Compounds

Hard Compounds

45 / 56

Which Option is Correct ?

Option-3

Option-2

Option-1

Option-4

46 / 56

Which statement is correct about isotopes?

All of these

Protium, deuterium and tritium are isotopes of hydrogen

Atoms of an element have same number of protons.

Atoms of an element have different number of neutrons in their nuclei

47 / 56

Which compound readily accumulated in the thyroid gland and can be used for monitoring of thyroid functioning?

1-129

1-131

1-132

1-130

48 / 56

Charge on alpha particles is ________

5e

2e

4e

3e

49 / 56

The total number of protons in a nucleus or total number of electrons in the orbits is __________

Isotope number

Atomic Number

Atomic mass number

none of these

50 / 56

Which Radioactive isotope is used for curing cancerous tumors and cells?

Co-60

P-32

I-131

C-14

51 / 56

Which among the following radiations has more penetrating power?

A Gamma Ray

A Beta Particle

An Alpha Particle

All Have the Same Penetrating Capability

52 / 56

The number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus or atomic mass is represented by______

Z

None of these

A

N

53 / 56

When a tree dies, which radioactive isotope present in plant starts decaying?

C-14

I-131

P-32

Co-60

54 / 56

When Uranium (98 protons) ejects a beta particle, how many protons are let in the remaining nucleus?

91 Protons

93 Protons

92 Protons

89 Protons

55 / 56

Half-life of   (60-27)Co is _________

20 years

50 years

30 years

40 years

56 / 56

Gamma rays are also called __________

Protons

Positrons

Photons

Electrons

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