Physics Notes for 10th Class Chapter-18

Atomic and Nuclear Physics:

The most interesting and important Subject Physics of 10th Class Chapter-18. Student want to know the important Questions and  physics notes for 10th class , to prepare it according to BISE Punjab. We are providing the Solution of Student Problems.

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Physics Ch#18, 10th Class

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1 / 56

Nuclear fission was first observed in 1939 by__________

Otto Hahn and Rutherford

First and Curie

Otto Hahn and Frits Strassman

Otto Han and Curie

2 / 56

Half-life of   (60-27)Co is _________

50 years

20 years

30 years

40 years

3 / 56

In order to find the intensity of radiations, which device can be used?

Both "Film Badge" & "Dosimeter"

Dosimeter

Radiometer

Film Badge

4 / 56

The stable argon nuclide Ar-40 half life___________

• 2.4 x 10⁸ years
• 2.69 x 10⁴ years
• 2.5 x 10⁹ years
• 2.4 x 10¹¹ years

Which Option is Correct ?

Option-2

Option-3

Option-4

Option-1

5 / 56

When two lights nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, this process is called_______

Bombardment

Disintegration

Nuclear Fusion

Nuclear Fission

6 / 56

Which compound is used for diagnosis of brain tumor?

hydrogen-3

iodine-131

Neon-152

Phosphorus-32

7 / 56

____________ are collectively called nucleons.

neutrons in nucleus

Protons in nucleus

Protons and Neutrons in Nucleus

electrons in shell

8 / 56

The rate of radioactive decay is proportional to the number of __________

Proton Present

Unstable Nuclei Present

Electrons Present

Stale Nuclei Present

9 / 56

Release of energy by the sun is due to ________

Nuclear Fusion

Nuclear Fission

Chemical Reaction

Burnings of Gases

10 / 56

Which have the greatest power of ionization s compared to others?

β-Particles

X-Rays

α-Particle

γ particles

11 / 56

The mass of the proton and neutron is nearly equal to___________

• 1.67 x 10^-27 kg
• 1.67 x 10^-31 kg
• 1.67 x 10^-19kg
• 1.67 x 10^-21 kg

which Option is Correct ?

Option-2

Option-1

Option-4

Option-3

12 / 56

Gamma rays are also called __________

Electrons

Photons

Positrons

Protons

13 / 56

When a tree dies, which radioactive isotope present in plant starts decaying?

C-14

P-32

Co-60

I-131

14 / 56

Hazards of radiation for humans are_____________

Sterility

All Given

Blindness

Leukemia

15 / 56

The temperature of the center of sun is _________

02 Million Kelvin

24 Million Kelvin

29 Million Kelvin

20 Million Kalvin

16 / 56

Isotopes are atoms of same element with different _______

Atomic Mass

Number of Protons

Number of Electrons

Atomic Number

17 / 56

One of the isotopes of uranium is U(238-92)  the number of neutrons in this isotope is ___________

330

92

146

238

18 / 56

Who accidentally discovered that uranium salt crystals emit an invisible radiation that can darken a photographic plate?

Rutherford

Pierre

Becquerel

Marie Curie

19 / 56

When heavy nucleus splits into two lighter nuclei, the process would _____________

Absorb Nuclear Energy

Release Chemical Energy

Absorb Chemical Energy

Release Nuclear Energy

20 / 56

Transmutation is _____________

Both "Unstable nuclei changes into stale nuclei" & "Spontaneous process"

Spontaneous process

Unstable nuclei changes into stale nuclei

No spontaneous process

21 / 56

Which among the following radiations has more penetrating power?

All Have the Same Penetrating Capability

A Beta Particle

A Gamma Ray

An Alpha Particle

22 / 56

When Uranium (98 protons) ejects a beta particle, how many protons are let in the remaining nucleus?

89 Protons

92 Protons

91 Protons

93 Protons

23 / 56

Which are chemical compounds containing some quantity of radioisotope?

Hard Compounds

High Energy Compounds

Soft Compounds

Radioactive Tracer

24 / 56

The reason carbon dating works is that __________

There is so much non-radioactive carbon dioxide in the air

Plants and animals are such strong emitters of carbon-14

After plant of animal dies, it stops taking in fresh carbon-14

When a plant or an animal die

25 / 56

The phenomenon by which radiations split matter into positive and negative ion is called ____

Penetration

Ionization

Sublimation

Deflection

26 / 56

Isotopes of an element have the same____________

Atomic Number

Chemical Properties

Colors

Atomic Mass Number

27 / 56

Charge on alpha particles is ________

5e

3e

2e

4e

28 / 56

Which Radioactive isotope is used for curing cancerous tumors and cells?

I-131

Co-60

P-32

C-14

29 / 56

The half-life of C-14 is ______

5700 Years

5720 Years

5730 Years

5202 Years

30 / 56

Tritium contains one proton, while protium and deuterium contains_________

No Proton

Two Protons

One Protons

Three Protons

31 / 56

The total number of protons in a nucleus or total number of electrons in the orbits is __________

Isotope number

none of these

Atomic mass number

Atomic Number

32 / 56

Penetrating power of γ rays as compared to α rays and β rays is __________

Smaller

Equal

Anyone of these

Greater

33 / 56

During fission of 1kg of Uranium -235 energy released is ___________

• 67 x 10¹⁰J
• 65 x 10⁸J
• 60 x 10⁸J
• 66 x 10⁹J

Which Option is Correct ?

Option-3

Option-1

Option-4

Option-2

34 / 56

The number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus or atomic mass is represented by______

A

N

Z

None of these

35 / 56

The earth and all living things receive radiation from outer space which name is __________

X-Rays

Radon Gas

Cosmic Rays

None of these

36 / 56

In each fission reaction energy released__________

210meV

255meV

200MeV

299mV

37 / 56

10

8

3

6

38 / 56

The total number of nucleons in a nucleus is__________

Isotope number

Atomic Mass Number

none of these

Atomic number

39 / 56

The half life of a certain isotope is 1 day. What is the quantity of the isotope after 2 days?

None of these

One half

One Eight

One Quarter

40 / 56

The number of neutrons in a nucleus is represented by_______

None of these

N

A

Z

41 / 56

What happens to the atomic number of an element which emits 1 alpha particle?

Increases By 1

Stays the Same

Decreases By 1

Decreases By 2

42 / 56

Which compound readily accumulated in the thyroid gland and can be used for monitoring of thyroid functioning?

1-132

1-129

1-131

1-130

43 / 56

Mass energy equation and theory of relativity was given by___________

Volta

Einstein

Quantum

Newton

44 / 56

Half-life of plutonium (236 96 Pu) is 2.85 years and 242 94 Pu is _____________

• 3.79 x 10⁵ years
• 7.1 x 10⁸ years
• 2.85 years
• 7.1 x 10¹⁰ years

Which Option is Correct ?

Option-1

Option-4

Option-2

Option-3

45 / 56

Stable nuclei have atomic number between__________

2-85

2-89

1-82

2-88

46 / 56

The atomic number is represented by_______

A

N

Z

None of these

47 / 56

In which simplest atom, nucleus has only one proton?

Nitrogen

Helium

Hydrogen

Carbon

48 / 56

Atoms of the element which have same number of protons but different number of neutrons are__________

None of these

Isotopes

Both Isotopes & Nuclide

Nuclide

49 / 56

Which statement is correct about isotopes?

All of these

Protium, deuterium and tritium are isotopes of hydrogen

Atoms of an element have same number of protons.

Atoms of an element have different number of neutrons in their nuclei

50 / 56

Stream of high energy electrons_____________

∑-particles

α particles

β-Particles

γ-particles

51 / 56

A nucleon is _________ times heavier than electron.

1836

1832

1827

1841

52 / 56

Which option is Correct

Option-3

Option-2

Option-4

Option-1

53 / 56

Which Option is Correct ?

Option-2

Option-3

Option-1

Option-4

54 / 56

Elements are naturally unstable having atomic number greater than_________

82

84

89

88

55 / 56

Rutherford discovered that the positive charge in an atom was concentrated in a small region called__________

Nucleus

Molecule

Atom

Shell

56 / 56

Radium-226 has a half-life of _____________

1920 years

1820 years

1600 years

1620 years

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