class 10 physics notes chapter 1

Atomic and Nuclear Physics:

The most interesting and important Subject Physics of 10th Class Chapter-18. Student want to know the important Questions and  physics notes for 10th class , to prepare it according to BISE Punjab. We are providing the Solution of Student Problems.

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Physics Ch#18, 10th Class

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1 / 56

Release of energy by the sun is due to ________

Nuclear Fission

Nuclear Fusion

Chemical Reaction

Burnings of Gases

2 / 56

Who accidentally discovered that uranium salt crystals emit an invisible radiation that can darken a photographic plate?

Marie Curie

Rutherford

Pierre

Becquerel

3 / 56

Which Option is Correct ?

Option-3

Option-2

Option-4

Option-1

4 / 56

Isotopes of an element have the same____________

Chemical Properties

Atomic Mass Number

Atomic Number

Colors

5 / 56

Charge on alpha particles is ________

5e

4e

2e

3e

6 / 56

Which Radioactive isotope is used for curing cancerous tumors and cells?

P-32

Co-60

I-131

C-14

7 / 56

The atomic number is represented by_______

N

A

Z

None of these

8 / 56

3

8

6

10

9 / 56

Elements are naturally unstable having atomic number greater than_________

88

89

82

84

10 / 56

When Uranium (98 protons) ejects a beta particle, how many protons are let in the remaining nucleus?

93 Protons

89 Protons

92 Protons

91 Protons

11 / 56

Which compound readily accumulated in the thyroid gland and can be used for monitoring of thyroid functioning?

1-130

1-132

1-131

1-129

12 / 56

Which option is Correct

Option-3

Option-1

Option-2

Option-4

13 / 56

The total number of nucleons in a nucleus is__________

Isotope number

Atomic Mass Number

none of these

Atomic number

14 / 56

The mass of the proton and neutron is nearly equal to___________

• 1.67 x 10^-27 kg
• 1.67 x 10^-31 kg
• 1.67 x 10^-19kg
• 1.67 x 10^-21 kg

which Option is Correct ?

Option-2

Option-4

Option-3

Option-1

15 / 56

One of the isotopes of uranium is U(238-92)  the number of neutrons in this isotope is ___________

330

146

238

92

16 / 56

Tritium contains one proton, while protium and deuterium contains_________

No Proton

One Protons

Three Protons

Two Protons

17 / 56

What happens to the atomic number of an element which emits 1 alpha particle?

Decreases By 2

Increases By 1

Stays the Same

Decreases By 1

18 / 56

During fission of 1kg of Uranium -235 energy released is ___________

• 67 x 10¹⁰J
• 65 x 10⁸J
• 60 x 10⁸J
• 66 x 10⁹J

Which Option is Correct ?

Option-2

Option-3

Option-4

Option-1

19 / 56

The rate of radioactive decay is proportional to the number of __________

Stale Nuclei Present

Proton Present

Electrons Present

Unstable Nuclei Present

20 / 56

Which statement is correct about isotopes?

Protium, deuterium and tritium are isotopes of hydrogen

Atoms of an element have different number of neutrons in their nuclei

Atoms of an element have same number of protons.

All of these

21 / 56

Half-life of plutonium (236 96 Pu) is 2.85 years and 242 94 Pu is _____________

• 3.79 x 10⁵ years
• 7.1 x 10⁸ years
• 2.85 years
• 7.1 x 10¹⁰ years

Which Option is Correct ?

Option-3

Option-4

Option-2

Option-1

22 / 56

Which compound is used for diagnosis of brain tumor?

Neon-152

hydrogen-3

iodine-131

Phosphorus-32

23 / 56

Which among the following radiations has more penetrating power?

A Beta Particle

An Alpha Particle

All Have the Same Penetrating Capability

A Gamma Ray

24 / 56

Rutherford discovered that the positive charge in an atom was concentrated in a small region called__________

Nucleus

Atom

Shell

Molecule

25 / 56

Transmutation is _____________

Both "Unstable nuclei changes into stale nuclei" & "Spontaneous process"

Spontaneous process

No spontaneous process

Unstable nuclei changes into stale nuclei

26 / 56

Nuclear fission was first observed in 1939 by__________

Otto Han and Curie

Otto Hahn and Frits Strassman

Otto Hahn and Rutherford

First and Curie

27 / 56

Radium-226 has a half-life of _____________

1820 years

1600 years

1620 years

1920 years

28 / 56

Penetrating power of γ rays as compared to α rays and β rays is __________

Smaller

Anyone of these

Greater

Equal

29 / 56

The half-life of C-14 is ______

5720 Years

5730 Years

5202 Years

5700 Years

30 / 56

When two lights nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, this process is called_______

Nuclear Fission

Disintegration

Nuclear Fusion

Bombardment

31 / 56

The half life of a certain isotope is 1 day. What is the quantity of the isotope after 2 days?

One Quarter

None of these

One Eight

One half

32 / 56

When a tree dies, which radioactive isotope present in plant starts decaying?

C-14

I-131

P-32

Co-60

33 / 56

The temperature of the center of sun is _________

02 Million Kelvin

24 Million Kelvin

20 Million Kalvin

29 Million Kelvin

34 / 56

Stable nuclei have atomic number between__________

2-85

1-82

2-88

2-89

35 / 56

In each fission reaction energy released__________

299mV

210meV

255meV

200MeV

36 / 56

Stream of high energy electrons_____________

γ-particles

β-Particles

α particles

∑-particles

37 / 56

The reason carbon dating works is that __________

When a plant or an animal die

Plants and animals are such strong emitters of carbon-14

There is so much non-radioactive carbon dioxide in the air

After plant of animal dies, it stops taking in fresh carbon-14

38 / 56

Which have the greatest power of ionization s compared to others?

γ particles

α-Particle

X-Rays

β-Particles

39 / 56

Half-life of   (60-27)Co is _________

50 years

20 years

40 years

30 years

40 / 56

____________ are collectively called nucleons.

Protons and Neutrons in Nucleus

electrons in shell

neutrons in nucleus

Protons in nucleus

41 / 56

The stable argon nuclide Ar-40 half life___________

• 2.4 x 10⁸ years
• 2.69 x 10⁴ years
• 2.5 x 10⁹ years
• 2.4 x 10¹¹ years

Which Option is Correct ?

Option-4

Option-3

Option-1

Option-2

42 / 56

Gamma rays are also called __________

Electrons

Photons

Positrons

Protons

43 / 56

Mass energy equation and theory of relativity was given by___________

Einstein

Newton

Volta

Quantum

44 / 56

The phenomenon by which radiations split matter into positive and negative ion is called ____

Ionization

Deflection

Sublimation

Penetration

45 / 56

Atoms of the element which have same number of protons but different number of neutrons are__________

Nuclide

Isotopes

Both Isotopes & Nuclide

None of these

46 / 56

The number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus or atomic mass is represented by______

A

N

Z

None of these

47 / 56

The number of neutrons in a nucleus is represented by_______

N

Z

None of these

A

48 / 56

In which simplest atom, nucleus has only one proton?

Hydrogen

Nitrogen

Carbon

Helium

49 / 56

Hazards of radiation for humans are_____________

All Given

Leukemia

Sterility

Blindness

50 / 56

Isotopes are atoms of same element with different _______

Number of Protons

Atomic Mass

Atomic Number

Number of Electrons

51 / 56

The total number of protons in a nucleus or total number of electrons in the orbits is __________

Atomic mass number

Atomic Number

none of these

Isotope number

52 / 56

Which are chemical compounds containing some quantity of radioisotope?

Hard Compounds

Radioactive Tracer

Soft Compounds

High Energy Compounds

53 / 56

The earth and all living things receive radiation from outer space which name is __________

None of these

Cosmic Rays

Radon Gas

X-Rays

54 / 56

A nucleon is _________ times heavier than electron.

1827

1832

1841

1836

55 / 56

In order to find the intensity of radiations, which device can be used?

Film Badge

Dosimeter

Both "Film Badge" & "Dosimeter"

Radiometer

56 / 56

When heavy nucleus splits into two lighter nuclei, the process would _____________

Absorb Nuclear Energy

Release Nuclear Energy

Absorb Chemical Energy

Release Chemical Energy

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Chapter wise PDF Notes / Problems / Numerical Solution of Physics

Chapter-10 – Simple Harmonic Motion and Waves

Chapter-11 – Sounds

Chapter-12 – Geometrical Optics 

Chapter-13 – Electrostatics

Chapter-14 – Current Electricity

Chapter-15 – Electromagnetism 

Chapter-16 – Basic Electronics 

Chapter-17 – Information Technology 

Chapter-18 – Atomic and Nuclear Physics

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