class 10 physics notes chapter 1

Atomic and Nuclear Physics:

The most interesting and important Subject Physics of 10th Class Chapter-18. Student want to know the important Questions and  physics notes for 10th class , to prepare it according to BISE Punjab. We are providing the Solution of Student Problems.

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Physics Ch#18, 10th Class

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1 / 56

Isotopes of an element have the same____________

Atomic Number

Colors

Atomic Mass Number

Chemical Properties

2 / 56

In which simplest atom, nucleus has only one proton?

Carbon

Helium

Nitrogen

Hydrogen

3 / 56

When two lights nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, this process is called_______

Bombardment

Nuclear Fission

Nuclear Fusion

Disintegration

4 / 56

Tritium contains one proton, while protium and deuterium contains_________

Three Protons

One Protons

Two Protons

No Proton

5 / 56

The earth and all living things receive radiation from outer space which name is __________

Cosmic Rays

X-Rays

None of these

Radon Gas

6 / 56

Which Option is Correct ?

Option-1

Option-4

Option-3

Option-2

7 / 56

Penetrating power of γ rays as compared to α rays and β rays is __________

Anyone of these

Smaller

Equal

Greater

8 / 56

The phenomenon by which radiations split matter into positive and negative ion is called ____

Deflection

Ionization

Sublimation

Penetration

9 / 56

Nuclear fission was first observed in 1939 by__________

Otto Hahn and Frits Strassman

Otto Hahn and Rutherford

Otto Han and Curie

First and Curie

10 / 56

Which among the following radiations has more penetrating power?

All Have the Same Penetrating Capability

An Alpha Particle

A Gamma Ray

A Beta Particle

11 / 56

The reason carbon dating works is that __________

When a plant or an animal die

Plants and animals are such strong emitters of carbon-14

After plant of animal dies, it stops taking in fresh carbon-14

There is so much non-radioactive carbon dioxide in the air

12 / 56

The half-life of C-14 is ______

5720 Years

5700 Years

5202 Years

5730 Years

13 / 56

Elements are naturally unstable having atomic number greater than_________

82

84

88

89

14 / 56

The total number of protons in a nucleus or total number of electrons in the orbits is __________

Isotope number

Atomic mass number

Atomic Number

none of these

15 / 56

What happens to the atomic number of an element which emits 1 alpha particle?

Stays the Same

Decreases By 2

Increases By 1

Decreases By 1

16 / 56

Which option is Correct

Option-4

Option-2

Option-3

Option-1

17 / 56

The atomic number is represented by_______

None of these

A

N

Z

18 / 56

The total number of nucleons in a nucleus is__________

none of these

Atomic Mass Number

Atomic number

Isotope number

19 / 56

The mass of the proton and neutron is nearly equal to___________

• 1.67 x 10^-27 kg
• 1.67 x 10^-31 kg
• 1.67 x 10^-19kg
• 1.67 x 10^-21 kg

which Option is Correct ?

Option-1

Option-2

Option-4

Option-3

20 / 56

A nucleon is _________ times heavier than electron.

1841

1832

1836

1827

21 / 56

Half-life of   (60-27)Co is _________

20 years

30 years

40 years

50 years

22 / 56

Half-life of plutonium (236 96 Pu) is 2.85 years and 242 94 Pu is _____________

• 3.79 x 10⁵ years
• 7.1 x 10⁸ years
• 2.85 years
• 7.1 x 10¹⁰ years

Which Option is Correct ?

Option-3

Option-2

Option-4

Option-1

23 / 56

The number of neutrons in a nucleus is represented by_______

N

Z

None of these

A

24 / 56

Charge on alpha particles is ________

4e

2e

3e

5e

25 / 56

Atoms of the element which have same number of protons but different number of neutrons are__________

Nuclide

None of these

Isotopes

Both Isotopes & Nuclide

26 / 56

Which compound readily accumulated in the thyroid gland and can be used for monitoring of thyroid functioning?

1-132

1-131

1-129

1-130

27 / 56

Hazards of radiation for humans are_____________

Blindness

Sterility

Leukemia

All Given

28 / 56

Gamma rays are also called __________

Photons

Electrons

Positrons

Protons

29 / 56

When a tree dies, which radioactive isotope present in plant starts decaying?

I-131

P-32

C-14

Co-60

30 / 56

One of the isotopes of uranium is U(238-92)  the number of neutrons in this isotope is ___________

146

330

92

238

31 / 56

The rate of radioactive decay is proportional to the number of __________

Electrons Present

Stale Nuclei Present

Proton Present

Unstable Nuclei Present

32 / 56

The stable argon nuclide Ar-40 half life___________

• 2.4 x 10⁸ years
• 2.69 x 10⁴ years
• 2.5 x 10⁹ years
• 2.4 x 10¹¹ years

Which Option is Correct ?

Option-1

Option-2

Option-3

Option-4

33 / 56

10

8

6

3

34 / 56

When heavy nucleus splits into two lighter nuclei, the process would _____________

Release Nuclear Energy

Absorb Chemical Energy

Absorb Nuclear Energy

Release Chemical Energy

35 / 56

Stable nuclei have atomic number between__________

1-82

2-88

2-89

2-85

36 / 56

When Uranium (98 protons) ejects a beta particle, how many protons are let in the remaining nucleus?

93 Protons

92 Protons

91 Protons

89 Protons

37 / 56

The temperature of the center of sun is _________

24 Million Kelvin

29 Million Kelvin

02 Million Kelvin

20 Million Kalvin

38 / 56

Mass energy equation and theory of relativity was given by___________

Newton

Volta

Quantum

Einstein

39 / 56

Who accidentally discovered that uranium salt crystals emit an invisible radiation that can darken a photographic plate?

Becquerel

Marie Curie

Pierre

Rutherford

40 / 56

Which compound is used for diagnosis of brain tumor?

Neon-152

iodine-131

Phosphorus-32

hydrogen-3

41 / 56

During fission of 1kg of Uranium -235 energy released is ___________

• 67 x 10¹⁰J
• 65 x 10⁸J
• 60 x 10⁸J
• 66 x 10⁹J

Which Option is Correct ?

Option-1

Option-3

Option-4

Option-2

42 / 56

Stream of high energy electrons_____________

α particles

β-Particles

γ-particles

∑-particles

43 / 56

Transmutation is _____________

Both "Unstable nuclei changes into stale nuclei" & "Spontaneous process"

Spontaneous process

No spontaneous process

Unstable nuclei changes into stale nuclei

44 / 56

Isotopes are atoms of same element with different _______

Number of Electrons

Atomic Mass

Atomic Number

Number of Protons

45 / 56

Radium-226 has a half-life of _____________

1600 years

1620 years

1920 years

1820 years

46 / 56

The number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus or atomic mass is represented by______

None of these

Z

A

N

47 / 56

Which statement is correct about isotopes?

All of these

Atoms of an element have same number of protons.

Protium, deuterium and tritium are isotopes of hydrogen

Atoms of an element have different number of neutrons in their nuclei

48 / 56

Rutherford discovered that the positive charge in an atom was concentrated in a small region called__________

Molecule

Nucleus

Shell

Atom

49 / 56

Which have the greatest power of ionization s compared to others?

α-Particle

β-Particles

X-Rays

γ particles

50 / 56

Release of energy by the sun is due to ________

Nuclear Fusion

Nuclear Fission

Chemical Reaction

Burnings of Gases

51 / 56

____________ are collectively called nucleons.

neutrons in nucleus

Protons and Neutrons in Nucleus

electrons in shell

Protons in nucleus

52 / 56

In order to find the intensity of radiations, which device can be used?

Radiometer

Dosimeter

Both "Film Badge" & "Dosimeter"

Film Badge

53 / 56

In each fission reaction energy released__________

299mV

255meV

210meV

200MeV

54 / 56

Which are chemical compounds containing some quantity of radioisotope?

High Energy Compounds

Soft Compounds

Hard Compounds

Radioactive Tracer

55 / 56

Which Radioactive isotope is used for curing cancerous tumors and cells?

I-131

P-32

Co-60

C-14

56 / 56

The half life of a certain isotope is 1 day. What is the quantity of the isotope after 2 days?

None of these

One Eight

One Quarter

One half

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Chapter wise PDF Notes / Problems / Numerical Solution of Physics

Chapter-10 – Simple Harmonic Motion and Waves

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Chapter-12 – Geometrical Optics 

Chapter-13 – Electrostatics

Chapter-14 – Current Electricity

Chapter-15 – Electromagnetism 

Chapter-16 – Basic Electronics 

Chapter-17 – Information Technology 

Chapter-18 – Atomic and Nuclear Physics

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